Pharmacology Assessment A & B Practice Exam 2026 – Comprehensive All-in-One Guide for Exam Success!

When a client is prescribed oxybutynin, it is important for the nurse to monitor for dry mouth, as this is a well-known side effect of the medication. Oxybutynin is an anticholinergic agent commonly used to treat overactive bladder and works by inhibiting the action of acetylcholine on muscarinic receptors in the bladder. This action helps to reduce urinary urgency and frequency, but it also affects other regions where acetylcholine is active, such as the salivary glands.

As a result of this inhibition, patients may experience decreased saliva production, leading to dry mouth. This side effect can be uncomfortable and may lead to difficulties with swallowing and talking, as well as an increased risk for dental issues such as cavities, due to reduced oral moisture. Therefore, monitoring for dry mouth is critical for patient comfort and health.

While urinary retention can be a result of oxybutynin’s mechanism of action, it is more common to observe dry mouth as a side effect, hence the focus. Blurred vision and nausea may also occur as potential side effects but are not as prevalent or as commonly reported as dry mouth.